Shadows of the Universe: Unraveling Dark Matter and Dark Energy

The universe is an intricate tapestry composed of various structures that range from the smallest galaxies to the vast cosmic voids. At its most fundamental level, the universe is structured into a hierarchy of components: stars, galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and the large-scale cosmic web. Galaxies, which are the primary building blocks of the universe, are composed of billions of stars held together by gravity, along with gas, dust, and dark matter.
These galaxies themselves are not isolated; they form larger structures known as galaxy clusters and superclusters, which are interconnected by filaments of dark matter and gas. This cosmic web illustrates the gravitational scaffolding of the universe, shaped by the distribution of both visible and invisible matter.